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FOREIGN AFFAIRS

USTR delivers its tariff recommendation on Brazil: 25%

Secretary of State Marco Rubio (left) seems to be gaining increasing influence over the Trump administration’s Brazil policies. Photo: Daniel Torok/White House

Last Thursday, the US government designated Brazil's largest crime syndicates as terrorist organizations, in a move that has unsettled the Brazilian financial system. Four days later, the other shoe dropped: the US Trade Representative proposed a 25% tariff on most Brazilian exports, labeling several Brazilian practices “unreasonable.”

The threat is not yet live. It opens a window for public comment — written submissions due July 1, a hearing on July 6 — but the direction of travel is unmistakable. 

Three and a half weeks ago, Presidents Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva and Donald Trump met in Washington, and the two sides pledged to negotiate tariffs within a 30-day window — one that would only expire next week. Despite that recent effort, US Trade Representative Jamieson Greer said the two governments “continue to have substantial differences.” 

We had warned you that the meeting, cordial as it was, had brought no breakthrough on the threats hovering over Brazil.

👉 Why it matters. The 25% tariff recommendation comes as part of a Section 301 investigation into allegedly unfair trade practices. It is the slow-burning, lawyerly version of the blunt 50% tariff Trump imposed in July 2025 (many exceptions were added afterward, and the US Supreme Court ruled against many of Trump's tariffs in February 2026).

The main US grievances against Brazil are as follows:

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