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MIGRATION

Brazil is quietly welcoming more foreigners

In 2025, Brazilian officials gave a seminar to teach migrants about their basic consumer rights. Photo: Paulo Pinto/EBC

Over the course of last year, Brazil’s Federal Revenue Service issued 401,000 fiscal identity numbers (known as CPFs) to foreign nationals, more than 10 times the total from two decades prior, in 2005. The data was obtained by Fiquem Sabendo, a freedom-of-information advocacy organization. 

In Brazil, almost nothing formal happens without a CPF. The 11-digit number (created in the 1960s as a tax tool), now opens…

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