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🛡️ Trade war gambit
Brazil develops its own trade retaliation tools. The Brazilian trade barriers the US complains about. And Lula’s political standing
Good morning! According to Portugal’s latest internal security report, 1,470 Brazilians were denied entry to the country during 2024 amid a tightening in immigration rules for citizens of Portuguese-speaking countries. Just 179 Brazilians had been turned away in 2023.

Brazil arms itself for trade war

Senator Tereza Cristina tweaked a bill aiming at the EU to give Brazil instruments to retaliate against Trump’s incoming tariffs. Photo: Valter Campanato/EBC
Sometime today, the Donald Trump administration in the US is set to announce a raft of new “reciprocal tariffs,” a part of what the American president has called “Liberation Day.”
Driving the news. A day before the US unveils its tariff plan, the Brazilian Senate passed sweeping new legislation giving the government broad powers to retaliate against trade barriers — including suspending intellectual property rights. Lawmakers have treated it as Brazil’s boldest move in decades to protect its exporters.
👉 Why it matters. Brazil said it would take trade war matters to the World Trade Organization. However, with the WTO increasingly sidelined, the country is opting for self-defense.

Congress. The Senate fast-tracked the so-called “Retaliation Bill” in a unanimous vote in the Economic Affairs Committee that featured the unlikely alliance of pro-Lula and pro-agro lawmakers. The House wants to approve the bill later today, allowing Brazil to:

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